# Monitoring

The **Monitoring** section provides visibility into the operational metrics of a running cloud instance.\
It enables users to observe system performance and resource utilisation in near real-time.

Monitoring helps identify performance bottlenecks, detect abnormal activity, and ensure that workloads are operating within expected resource limits.

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The monitoring dashboard provides graphical metrics for the following resources:

* **Memory Usage**
* **CPU Utilization**
* **Network Activity**
* **Disk IOPS**
* **Disk Throughput**

These metrics assist users in understanding workload behaviour and making decisions such as scaling or optimising the instance configuration.

### Access Monitoring

To view monitoring metrics for an instance:

1. Log in to the **NeevCloud Dashboard**.
2. Navigate to **CLOUD→ Servers**.
3. Select the required **Cloud Instance**.
4. Click on **Monitoring** in the left-side menu.

The monitoring page will display graphical metrics for the selected time range.

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### Available Metrics

#### Memory Metrics

Displays the memory consumption of the instance over time.

This helps identify:

* High memory utilization
* Potential memory exhaustion
* Memory-intensive applications

#### CPU Metrics

Displays CPU usage of the instance.

This helps determine:

* CPU load patterns
* Overutilized workloads
* When scaling, CPU resources may be required.

#### Network Metrics

Displays incoming and outgoing network activity.

This includes:

* Network utilization
* Traffic spikes
* Network performance trends

#### Disk IOPS Metrics

Displays disk input/output operations per second.

This metric helps identify:

* Storage performance
* High disk activity
* I/O bottlenecks

#### Disk Throughput Metrics

Displays disk read/write throughput over time.

This helps analyse:

* Data transfer rates
* Storage workload patterns
* Disk performance efficiency.

### Monitoring Time Range

Users can select a **time window** to analyse performance data.

Common options include:

* Last 1 hour
* Last 6 hours
* Last 12 hours
* Last 24 hours

This enables users to investigate both short-term and historical performance behaviour.

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### When Metrics Are Not Available

In some cases, monitoring charts may show **"No metrics available"**.

This may occur if:

* The instance has been recently created.
* The instance is powered off.
* Monitoring data has not yet been collected.

Once the instance begins generating workload activity, metrics will appear automatically.

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### Best Practices

To effectively monitor your instances:

* Regularly review CPU and memory usage.
* Monitor disk I/O for storage-heavy workloads.
* Check network metrics when running data-intensive applications.
* Use monitoring insights before performing a **Rescale operation**.