# Set up LAMP (Linux, Apache, MySQL, PHP) in Ubuntu Linux **LAMP: A Comprehensive Open Source Web Development Platform** **LAMP**, an acronym for Linux, Apache, MySQL, and PHP, serves as a robust open-source framework for web development. Utilizing Linux as the operating system, Apache as the web server, MySQL as the relational database management system, and PHP. LAMP is the go-to choice for creating dynamic websites and web applications. Its popularity stems from its flexibility, making it a staple in the web development community. ## **Prerequisites** It works on all Linux distributions. * Operating system used: [Ubuntu 22.04](https://docs.neevcloud.com/neevcloud-products/computes/getting-started-launch-vms) * [Install Apache](https://docs.neevcloud.com/neevcloud-guide/neevcloud-knowledgebase/how-to-install-apache-on-ubuntu-22.04) * [Install MySQL](https://docs.neevcloud.com/neevcloud-guide/neevcloud-knowledgebase/how-to-install-mysql-on-ubuntu-22.04) * [Install PHP](https://docs.neevcloud.com/neevcloud-guide/neevcloud-knowledgebase/set-up-lamp-linux-apache-mysql-php-in-ubuntu-linux#installing-and-testing-php-processing) ## Update && Upgrade the server Installing Apache and Updating the Firewall To update and upgrade the package lists from the repositories, run the following command: ``` sudo apt update -y sudo apt upgrade -y ``` Install Apache ``` sudo apt install apache2 -y ``` Once the installation is complete, please modify your firewall settings as necessary. ``` sudo ufw app list ```

Here is what each of these profiles means: Apache: This profile opens only port **80** (normal, unencrypted web traffic). Apache Full: This profile opens both port 80 and port 443 Apache secure*:* This profile opens only port 443 (TLS/SSL encrypted traffic.) To only allow traffic on port 80, use the Apache profile: ``` sudo ufw allow in "apache" sudo ufw status ```

**Login to browser -**[ **http://your\_server\_IP** ](http://server_domain_or_ip) The default Ubuntu Apache web page serves both informational and testing purposes.

### **Install MySQL** To store and manage data for your website, you must install a database system. **MySQL** is a widely used database management system, often partnered with PHP environments. ``` sudo apt install mysql-server -y ``` When the installation is finished, it’s recommended that you run a security script that comes pre-installed with MySQL. This script will remove some insecure default settings and lock down access to your database system. ``` sudo mysql ```

Start the interactive script by running: ``` sudo mysql_secure_installation ``` This will ask if you want to configure the VALIDATE PASSWORD PLUGIN. Answer Y for yes, or anything else to continue without enabling.

If you select "Yes," you'll need to choose a password validation level. Note that choosing the highest level `2`means your passwords must include numbers, uppercase and lowercase letters, and special characters. Otherwise, you'll encounter errors.

**Run these commands -** ``` mysql -u root -p ``` After executing the commands, please enter your password:

### Creating a MySQL Database To create a database in **MySQL**, follow these steps: {% hint style="info" %} Open your terminal or command prompt. Log into MySQL with the command `mysql -u username -p`. Replace `username` with your MySQL username. You'll be prompted to enter your password. {% endhint %} {% hint style="info" %} Once logged in, create a new database by executing `CREATE DATABASE mydatabase;`. Replace `mydatabase` with your desired database name. {% endhint %} {% hint style="info" %} To verify the database was created, use `SHOW DATABASES;`. Your new database should appear in the list. {% endhint %} This process creates a new **MySQL** database ready for use.

To create a new database, run the following command from your **MySQL** console: ``` mysql> CREATE DATABASE example_database; ``` Now give this user permission over the `example_database` database**:** ``` mysql> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON example_database.* TO 'root'@'%'; ``` Now, review MySQL configurations. ``` sudo mysql ```

### **Installing and testing PHP processing** Our setup includes Apache as the webserver to deliver content, MySQL for data storage and management, and PHP to process and render dynamic content to users. ``` sudo apt install php libapache2-mod-php php-mysql -y ``` After completing the installation, execute the command below to verify your PHP version: ``` php -v ```

### **Modifying Apache's DirectoryIndex Configuration** To adjust the file Apache uses by default when serving directories, edit the `DirectoryIndex` directive in your Apache configuration file (**httpd.conf** or **apache2.conf** depending on your operating system). This change alters which file types Apache prioritizes when a directory is accessed. ``` sudo vi /etc/apache2/mods-enabled/test.conf ``` It will look like this: #### **Add - index.php** ``` DirectoryIndex index.php index.html index.cgi index.p1 index.xhtml index.htm ``` After restarting the Apache web server, confirm the apache2 service status using the systemctl command. ``` sudo systemctl restart apache2 sudo systemctl status apache2 ```

Now that all your services are running create a PHP test script to confirm that Apache can handle and process requests for PHP files on the path *`/var/www//`*. ``` vi info.php ``` Add the following text, which is valid PHP code, inside the file by typing `i` ``` ``` Press ESC *`:wq`* to save To ensure everything is set up correctly, visit your SERVER\_PUBLIC\_IP address in your web browser for a spot check.

http://<SERVER_PUBLIC_IP>/info.php

### **Creating a Virtual Host for your Website** To create a directory for `your_domain`, follow these steps: 1. Open your terminal. 2. Navigate to the location where you want to create the directory. 3. Enter the command `mkdir your_domain` and press Enter. This creates a new directory named `your_domain` in the specified location. ``` sudo mkdir -p /var/www/example.com ``` To change the ownership of the directory to your current system user, use the `$USER` environment variable like this: ``` sudo chown -R $USER:$USER /var/www/example.com ``` To create a new configuration file within Apache's **sites-available** directory, use your favorite command-line editor. We will use **vi** for this example: ``` sudo vi /etc/apache2/sites-available/example.com.conf ``` To create a new blank file, insert the following base configuration and replace `yourdomain.com` with your actual domain name: ``` ServerName ServerAlias www. ServerAdmin admin@localhost DocumentRoot /var/www/ ErrorLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/error.log CustomLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/access.log combined ``` Now, use `a2ensite`to enable the new virtual host: ``` sudo a2ensite example.com ``` To disable the Apache default website—essential when not using a custom domain, as it would override your virtual host configuration—run the following command: ``` sudo a2dissite 000-default ``` Ensure Your Configuration File is Error-Free**:** To verify that your configuration file is free of syntax errors, execute the command below: ``` sudo apache2ctl configtest ``` Finally, reload Apache so these changes take effect : ``` sudo systemctl reload apache2 ``` *Your new website is now active, but /var/www/\is still empty. Create an index.html* ``` vi /var/www/example.com/index.html ``` Include the following content in the file: ``` your_domain website

Hello World!

This is the landing page of YOUR_DOMAIN.

``` Save and close the file, then go to your browser and access your server's domain name or IP Address: ``` http:// ``` ``` http:// ``` You can leave this file in place as a temporary landing page for your application until you set up a `index.php` file to replace it. Once you do that, remember to remove or rename the `index.html` file from your document root, as it would take precedence over a `index.php` file by default.